首页 > 教育 > 本科研究生 > 中国语言文学类

英语专业考研语言学

作译者：鲁凯伦,李柯儒,蓝翠艳

出版时间：2020-05 千字数：562 版次：01-01 页数：296

开本：16开装帧： I S B N ：9787121389825

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第 1 章 语言学备考指南 ······························································································.1
一、考核要求 ····································································································································.1
二、主要参考书目 ····························································································································.1
三、常见题型分析及解题技巧 ········································································································.1
四、备考建议 ····································································································································.4
第 2 章 语言学考点精讲精练 ···················································································.5
第一节 语言与语言学（ Language and Linguistics） ···········································································.5
一 思维导图 ·····························································································································.5
二 语言的定义 ·························································································································.6
三 人类语言的区别性特征 ·····································································································.7
四 语言的功能 ·························································································································.9
五 语言学的定义 ···················································································································.12
六 微观语言学 ·······················································································································.13
七 宏观语言学 ·······················································································································.15
八 语言学中的重要区别 ·······································································································.16
九 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.18
第二节 语音学与音系学（ Phonetics and Phonology） ········································································.22
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.22
二 语音学 ·······························································································································.22
三 音系学 ·······························································································································.29
四 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.33
第三节 词汇与形态学（ Word and Morphology） ···············································································.38
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.38
二 词 ·······································································································································.38
三 语素 ···································································································································.40
四 词的构成 ···························································································································.42
五 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.46
第四节 句法学（ Syntax） ·······················································································································.50
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.50
二 句法关系 ···························································································································.50
三 结构体和直接成分 ···········································································································.51
四 句法功能 ···························································································································.53
五 范畴 ···································································································································.54
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六 短语、分句和句子 ···········································································································.55
七 递归性 ·······························································································································.56
八 句子之外 ···························································································································.56
九 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.57
第五节 语义学（ Semantics） ·················································································································.61
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.61
二 语义学的定义 ···················································································································.61
三 关于意义研究的一些观点 ·······························································································.61
四 词汇意义 ···························································································································.64
五 句子之间的涵义关系 ·······································································································.69
六 意义分析 ···························································································································.70
七 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.73
第六节 语用学（ Pragmatics） ···············································································································.77
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.77
二 言语行为的分类 ···············································································································.77
三 言语行为理论 ···················································································································.78
四 合作原则及会话含义 ·······································································································.81
五 后格莱斯时期的发展 ·······································································································.83
六 史蒂芬.列文森的Q原则、I原则与M原则 ···································································.87
七 历年名校真题 ···················································································································.89
第七节 语言与认知（ Language and Cognition） ················································································.93
一 思维导图 ···························································································································.93
二 认知的定义 ·······················································································································.94
三 语言与认知研究的三种途径 ···························································································.94
四 语言习得 ···························································································································.94
五 语言理解 ···························································································································.95
六 语言生成 ···························································································································.96
七 认知语言学 ·······················································································································.97
八 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.102
第八节 语言、文化与社会（ Language, Culture and Society） ··························································.106
一 思维导图 ·························································································································.106
二 语言与文化 ·····················································································································.106
三 语言与社会 ·····················································································································.109
四 选择语码 ·························································································································.110
五 禁忌语、委婉语和俚语 ·································································································.111
六 社会语言学 ·····················································································································.111
七 跨文化交际 ·····················································································································.113
八 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.114
第九节 语言与文学（ Language and Literature） ·············································································.119
一 思维导图 ·························································································································.119
二 文体和文体学 ·················································································································.119
三 文学语言的特征 ·············································································································.120
四 文学语言的分析 ·············································································································.123
五 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.127
第十节 语言与计算机（ Language and Computer） ··········································································.130
一 思维导图 ·························································································································.130
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二 计算语言学 ·····················································································································.130
三 计算机辅助教学（CAI） ······························································································.131
四 机器翻译 ·························································································································.132
五 语料库语言学 ·················································································································.134
六 计算机媒介传播 ·············································································································.135
七 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.136
第十一节 语言学与外语教学（ Linguistics and Foreign Language Teaching） ······························.139
一 思维导图 ·························································································································.139
二 语言教育研究关键词 ·····································································································.139
三 输入和相关学习因素 ·····································································································.140
四 习得顺序与语言学习 ·····································································································.141
五 语言学理论与教学途径 ·································································································.142
六 语言教学的大纲设计 ·····································································································.146
七 对比分析与错误分析 ·····································································································.148
八 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.149
第十二节 语言学理论流派（ School of Linguistic Theories） ···························································.153
一 思维导图 ·························································································································.153
二 费迪南.德.索绪尔：现代语言学开创者 ································································.153
三 布拉格学派 ·····················································································································.154
四 伦敦学派与功能语言学 ·································································································.156
五 美国结构主义 ·················································································································.158
六 转换生成语法 ·················································································································.160
七 主要的语言学家及其成就 ·····························································································.163
八 历年名校真题 ·················································································································.164
本章历年名校真题参考答案 ·················································································································.168
第 3 章 语言学名校真题集训25套 ····································································.192
Test 1 北京航空航天大学 ···············.192
Test 2 北京航空航天大学 ···············.193
Test 3 北京外国语大学 ···················.194
Test 4 北京外国语大学 ···················.197
Test 5 天津外国语大学 ···················.200
Test 6 华南理工大学 ·······················.202
Test 7 华南理工大学 ·······················.203
Test 8 华南理工大学 ·······················.205
Test 9 暨南大学 ·······························.207
Test 10 暨南大学 ·····························.209
Test 11 暨南大学 ·····························.211
Test 12 山东大学 ·····························.213
Test 13 山东大学 ·····························.214
Test 14 上海外国语大学 ··················215
Test 15 四川师范大学 ······················216
Test 16 四川师范大学 ······················218
Test 17 四川师范大学 ······················219
Test 18 长沙理工大学 ······················220
Test 19 长沙理工大学 ······················222
Test 20 长沙理工大学 ······················225
Test 21 长沙理工大学 ······················228
Test 22 中国海洋大学 ······················231
Test 23 中山大学 ······························234
Test 24 中山大学 ······························237
Test 25 中山大学 ······························239
Tests 1~25参考答案 ·······························································································································.241
参考文献 ··················································································································································290
本书视频课二维码所在页码：1，5，22，38，50，61，77，93，106，119，130，139，153

《英语专业考研 语言学》旨在帮助英语专业考研（学术型）的考生快速、高效地学会并掌握英语专业硕士研究生入
学考试中的语言学知识点，尤其适用于语言学基础知识不够扎实牢靠或不够系统的考生；同时，本书也适用于英语专
业基础知识一般、需强化学习效果的考生及对语言学感兴趣、想要系统学习语言学知识的读者。本书特色如下：
1 以思维导图开篇，直观简明，帮助考生建构知识网络
语言学的主体知识安排在本书的第2章，该章以语言学的不同研究分支为依据进行划分，共划分为十二节，每一
节都以思维导图开篇。思维导图简洁、清晰、直观地概括了该节的重要内容，有助于考生快速建立知识网络，并帮助
考生形成以结合行文逻辑与脉络框架来记忆和理解语言学概念和术语的思维方式。
2 知识点的系统性、逻辑性、条理性强，学习重点突出
在介绍语言学概念时，编者主要以语言学研究的各个分支进行编排，知识点自成系统，逻辑性强。此外，除介绍
相关背景知识外，本书侧重讲解重点语言学家的重要思想观点、概念术语、研究方法或语言学贡献等；并对重点术语
或词条进行加粗显示，重点突出。这样能帮助考生高效、有针对性地记忆重点，又便于考生随时随地、快速地翻阅和
查找某个知识点，避免浪费宝贵的复习时间。
3 解析详细，中英对照，轻松理解，快速记忆
由于语言学知识对一些考生来说较为晦涩难懂，编者考虑这些理论具有一定的难度，故在理论部分采用了中英文
双栏、左右对照的讲解方式。这种方式大大降低了掌握理论知识的难度，既能为考生提供背诵内容，又能明显缩短复
习时间。
4 扫码轻松获取配套视频课，随时随地都能学习
本书共有13节配套的视频课，扫码即可轻松获取，随时随地就能复习。13节视频课分别对应本书第1章和第2章的
内容。视频课以概述的形式总结了章/节的主要内容，避免了冗长的讲解，能帮助考生快速掌握章/节的主要内容，形
成总体的脉络框架，从而快速掌握知识点。
5 精选名校真题，检测学习效果，使复习更高效
全书精选1 200余道名校真题，大量的真题有助于考生熟悉考试题型和出题风格，帮助考生了解考试重点和题型、
检验学习效果、查漏补缺、强化理解和夯实基础，进而提高备考效率，让复习过程事半功倍。
本书由中山大学新华学院教师组织编写，共约56万字。其中，第1章、第2章第一节及第3章由三位主编老师鲁凯伦、
李柯儒、蓝翠艳共同完成。第2章第二、三节由鲁凯伦老师编写，总计约16万字；第2章第六、十一、十二节由李柯儒
老师编写，约17万字；第2章第七、八节由蓝翠艳老师编写，约14万字；徐博闻老师编写第2章第四节，约2万字；梁静
老师编写第2章第五节，约3万字；赖宁艺老师编写第2章第九节，约2万字。此外，华中科技大学吴雪老师也参与了本
书的编写工作，编写第2章第十节，约2万字。需要指出的是，本书为中英对照，中山大学新华学院翻译方向的黄越悦
老师负责了第2章部分内容的翻译和审校工作。最后，全书的统稿与审校由鲁凯伦老师完成。
由于编者水平与经验有限，书中难免存在错误与不妥之处，欢迎读者朋友不吝赐教！
编 者
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英语专业考研 语言学

英语专业考研语言学