首页 > 教育 > 本科研究生 > 机械类

机械设计基础（第2版）

作译者：陈照强,高立营,薛云娜

出版时间：2023-09 千字数：556 版次：01-01 页数：348

开本：16开装帧： I S B N ：9787121463327

换版：

纸质书定价：￥79.8

库存:有

分享到：

共有图书评论0条【查看评论摘要】

看了又看

{{data.bookName}}

￥{{data.price}}

内容简介

前言

上架建议

作者简介

编辑推荐

音视频专区

目 录
第1 章 绪论 ·················································································································.1
1.1 机械设计的有关概念 ······························································································.1
1.2 本课程研究的内容、性质和任务 ···············································································.4
1.2.1 本课程研究的内容 ························································································.4
1.2.2 本课程的性质 ······························································································.4
1.2.3 本课程的任务 ······························································································.4
1.3 机械设计的基本要求和机械零件的设计准则 ································································.4
1.3.1 机械设计的基本要求 ·····················································································.4
1.3.2 机械零件的设计准则 ·····················································································.5
1.3.3 机械零件的结构工艺性 ··················································································.8
1.4 机械设计的一般程序 ······························································································.8
1.5 机械零件常用材料及热处理 ·····················································································.9
1.5.1 金属材料 ····································································································.9
1.5.2 非金属材料 ································································································.11
1.5.3 钢件的热处理 ·····························································································.11
1.6 金属材料加工方法及其精度和表面粗糙度 ··································································.13
1.6.1 常用机床及其使用 ·······················································································.13
1.6.2 机械加工方法能够达到的尺寸精度和表面粗糙度 ················································.13
1.7 机械零件设计的标准化 ··························································································.14
1.8 机械设备中的润滑油及润滑简介 ··············································································.15
1.8.1 润滑油的命名方法 ·······················································································.15
1.8.2 润滑油的主要规格指标 ·················································································.16
1.8.3 润滑脂的构成及指标 ····················································································.16
1.8.4 添加剂 ······································································································.17
1.8.5 齿轮传动中的润滑 ·······················································································.18
思考题 ·····················································································································.18
第2 章 平面机构的结构分析 ························································································.19
2.1 平面机构的组成 ···································································································.20
2.2 平面机构运动简图 ································································································.21
2.2.1 构件的分类 ································································································.21
2.2.2 运动副及构件的表示方法 ··············································································.22
2.2.3 平面机构运动简图的绘制 ··············································································.23
VI
机械设计基础（第2版）
2.3 平面机构的自由度 ································································································.25
2.3.1 平面机构自由度的计算公式 ···········································································.25
2.3.2 机构具有确定运动的条件 ··············································································.25
2.3.3 计算平面机构自由度时的注意事项 ··································································.26
2.4 构件和运动副的结构 ·····························································································.29
2.4.1 构件的结构 ································································································.29
2.4.2 转动副的结构 ·····························································································.30
2.4.3 移动副的结构 ·····························································································.31
思考题 ·····················································································································.33
习题 ························································································································.33
第3 章 平面连杆机构 ··································································································.35
3.1 平面四杆机构的基本形式及其演化 ···········································································.36
3.1.1 平面四杆机构的基本形式 ··············································································.36
3.1.2 铰链四杆机构的演化 ····················································································.40
3.2 铰链四杆机构曲柄存在的条件 ·················································································.44
3.3 四杆机构的传动特性 ·····························································································.45
3.3.1 急回运动特性 ·····························································································.45
3.3.2 压力角与传动角 ··························································································.47
3.3.3 机构的死点位置 ··························································································.47
3.4 平面四杆机构的设计 ·····························································································.49
3.4.1 平面四杆机构设计的基本问题 ········································································.49
3.4.2 按连杆的给定位置设计铰链四杆机构 ·······························································.49
3.4.3 按给定两个连架杆对应位置设计平面四杆机构 ···················································.50
3.4.4 按给定的行程速度变化系数K 设计平面四杆机构 ···············································.52
3.4.5 按预定的轨迹设计——利用连杆曲线图谱设计平面四杆机构 ·································.54
3.5 连杆机构的工程应用案例 ·······················································································.55
思考题 ·····················································································································.57
习题 ························································································································.58
第4 章 凸轮机构与间歇运动机构 ·················································································.60
4.1 凸轮机构的类型和应用 ··························································································.61
4.2 从动件的常用运动规律 ··························································································.63
4.3 凸轮机构的传力性能分析 ·······················································································.66
4.3.1 压力角与作用力的关系 ·················································································.67
4.3.2 压力角与凸轮机构尺寸的关系 ········································································.67
4.4 平面凸轮轮廓曲线设计 ··························································································.68
4.4.1 图解法设计直动从动件盘形凸轮轮廓曲线 ·························································.69
4.4.2 图解法设计摆动从动件盘形凸轮轮廓曲线 ·························································.72
4.4.3 解析法设计凸轮轮廓曲线 ··············································································.73
4.5 凸轮与从动件端部的结构设计 ·················································································.73
4.6 间歇运动机构 ······································································································.75
4.6.1 棘轮机构 ···································································································.75
4.6.2 槽轮机构 ···································································································.77
4.6.3 不完全齿轮机构 ··························································································.78
4.6.4 凸轮间歇运动机构 ·······················································································.78
4.7 凸轮机构工程应用示例 ··························································································.79
思考题 ·····················································································································.80
习题 ························································································································.80
第5 章 齿轮机构和齿轮传动 ························································································.82
5.1 齿轮机构的特点和分类 ··························································································.83
5.1.1 齿轮机构的特点 ··························································································.83
5.1.2 齿轮机构的分类 ··························································································.83
5.2 齿廓啮合基本定律与齿轮的齿廓曲线 ········································································.84
5.2.1 齿廓实现定角速比传动的条件 ········································································.84
5.2.2 渐开线齿廓 ································································································.85
5.3 渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮的基本参数 ··············································································.87
5.3.1 渐开线标准直齿圆柱齿轮的各部分名称 ····························································.87
5.3.2 渐开线齿轮的基本参数 ·················································································.88
5.3.3 渐开线标准直齿圆柱齿轮的几何尺寸计算 ·························································.89
5.4 渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮的啮合传动 ··············································································.89
5.4.1 齿轮传动的正确啮合条件 ··············································································.89
5.4.2 标准齿轮传动的正确安装条件 ········································································.90
5.4.3 连续传动条件 ·····························································································.91
5.5 渐开线齿轮的加工方法 ··························································································.91
5.5.1 仿形法 ······································································································.92
5.5.2 范成法（展成法） ·······················································································.92
5.6 根切、最少齿数及变位齿轮 ····················································································.93
5.6.1 根切与最少齿数 ··························································································.93
5.6.2 变位齿轮 ···································································································.94
5.7 齿轮的失效形式和设计准则 ····················································································.96
5.7.1 轮齿的失效形式 ··························································································.96
5.7.2 设计准则 ···································································································.98
5.8 齿轮材料和精度等级 ·····························································································.99
5.8.1 齿轮材料 ···································································································.99
5.8.2 齿轮的精度等级 ························································································.101
5.9 直齿圆柱齿轮传动的设计计算 ···············································································.102
5.9.1 轮齿上的作用力 ························································································.102
5.9.2 计算载荷 ·································································································.103
5.9.3 标准直齿圆柱齿轮的齿根弯曲疲劳强度计算 ····················································.104
5.9.4 标准直齿圆柱齿轮的齿面接触疲劳强度设计计算 ··············································.106
5.9.5 圆柱齿轮的参数对齿轮传动的影响 ································································.108
5.10 斜齿圆柱齿轮传动 ····························································································.111
5.10.1 斜齿圆柱齿轮齿廓的形成和特点 ·································································.111
5.10.2 斜齿圆柱齿轮的主要参数和几何尺寸 ···························································.112
5.10.3 平行轴斜齿圆柱齿轮传动的重合度 ······························································.114
5.10.4 平行轴斜齿圆柱齿轮传动的当量齿轮和当量齿数 ············································.114
5.10.5 平行轴渐开线斜齿圆柱齿轮的受力分析 ························································.115
5.10.6 斜齿圆柱齿轮的强度计算 ··········································································.116
5.11 直齿圆锥齿轮传动 ····························································································.116
5.12 齿轮的结构设计、润滑和传动效率 ·······································································.118
5.12.1 齿轮结构与轴的连接 ················································································.118
5.12.2 齿轮的润滑 ····························································································.121
5.12.3 齿轮的传动效率 ······················································································.121
5.13 蜗杆传动 ········································································································.122
5.13.1 蜗杆传动的类型、特点和应用 ····································································.122
5.13.2 圆柱蜗杆传动的主要参数 ··········································································.123
5.13.3 圆柱蜗杆传动的几何尺寸计算 ····································································.126
5.13.4 蜗杆和蜗轮的结构 ···················································································.127
5.13.5 圆柱蜗杆传动设计考虑的主要问题 ······························································.128
5.14 齿轮传动应用示例 ····························································································.129
思考题 ···················································································································.132
习题 ······················································································································.132
第6 章 轮系 ··············································································································.135
6.1 轮系的分类 ·······································································································.135
6.1.1 定轴轮系 ·································································································.135
6.1.2 周转轮系 ·································································································.136
6.1.3 复合轮系 ·································································································.137
6.2 定轴轮系及其传动比 ···························································································.138
6.2.1 输入轴与输出轴转向关系的确定 ···································································.138
6.2.2 定轴轮系的传动比计算 ···············································································.139
6.2.3 定轴轮系的传动比计算例题分析 ···································································.140
6.3 周转轮系及其传动比 ···························································································.141
6.3.1 周转轮系传动比计算的基本思想 ···································································.142
6.3.2 周转轮系的传动比计算例题分析 ···································································.143
6.4 复合轮系及其传动比 ···························································································.145
6.4.1 复合轮系传动比的计算方法 ·········································································.145
6.4.2 复合轮系的传动比计算例题分析 ···································································.145
6.5 轮系的应用 ·······································································································.146
6.5.1 实现大传动比或较远距离的传动 ···································································.146
6.5.2 实现变速与换向传动 ··················································································.147
6.5.3 实现结构紧凑条件下的大功率传动 ································································.148
6.5.4 实现运动的合成与分解 ···············································································.149
6.5.5 实现多分路传动 ························································································.149
6.6 几种特殊的行星轮传动简介 ··················································································.150
6.6.1 渐开线少齿差行星轮传动 ············································································.150
6.6.2 摆线行星轮传动 ························································································.150
6.6.3 谐波齿轮传动 ···························································································.151
6.7 轮系的研究现状及其发展 ·····················································································.151
6.8 轮系的应用示例 ·································································································.152
习题 ······················································································································.152
第7 章 机械运转速度波动的调节与平衡 ····································································.156
7.1 机械运转速度波动调节的目的与方法 ······································································.156
7.1.1 周期性速度波动及其调节 ············································································.157
7.1.2 非周期性速度波动及其调节 ·········································································.158
7.2 机械的平衡 ·······································································································.159
7.2.1 机械平衡的目的和分类 ···············································································.159
7.2.2 刚性回转件的平衡 ·····················································································.160
7.2.3 刚性回转件的平衡试验 ···············································································.163
思考题 ···················································································································.165
习题 ······················································································································.166
第8 章 零件的连接 ····································································································.167
8.1 概述 ················································································································.168
8.1.1 螺纹的形成原理 ························································································.169
8.1.2 螺纹的类型 ······························································································.169
8.1.3 螺纹的参数 ······························································································.170
8.1.4 常用螺纹的特点及应用 ···············································································.171
8.2 螺旋副的受力分析、特性及其应用 ·········································································.172
8.2.1 螺旋副的受力分析 ·····················································································.172
8.2.2 螺旋副特性分析及其应用 ············································································.174
8.3 螺纹连接类型和螺纹连接件 ··················································································.175
8.3.1 螺纹连接的类型 ························································································.175
8.3.2 螺纹连接件的类型 ·····················································································.177
8.4 螺纹连接的预紧和防松 ························································································.178
8.4.1 螺纹连接的预紧 ························································································.178
8.4.2 螺纹连接的防松 ························································································.179
8.5 螺纹连接的强度计算 ···························································································.181
8.5.1 螺栓的失效形式和设计准则 ·········································································.181
8.5.2 松螺栓连接 ······························································································.182
8.5.3 紧螺栓连接 ······························································································.183
8.5.4 螺栓组连接的结构设计简介 ·········································································.186
8.6 螺纹连接件的材料和许用应力 ···············································································.187
8.6.1 螺纹连接件的材料 ·····················································································.187
8.6.2 螺纹连接件的许用应力 ···············································································.187
8.7 提高螺纹连接强度的措施 ·····················································································.189
8.7.1 降低影响螺栓疲劳强度的应力幅 ···································································.189
8.7.2 改善螺纹牙间的载荷分布 ············································································.190
8.7.3 减小应力集中的影响 ··················································································.191
8.7.4 避免或减小附加应力 ··················································································.191
8.8 键连接 ·············································································································.192
8.8.1 平键连接 ·································································································.192
8.8.2 半圆键连接 ······························································································.194
8.8.3 楔键和切向键连接 ·····················································································.195
8.8.4 平键连接的设计计算 ··················································································.196
8.8.5 花键连接 ·································································································.196
8.8.6 销连接 ····································································································.197
8.9 连接应用示例 ····································································································.199
思考题 ···················································································································.199
习题 ······················································································································.200
第9 章 挠性传动 ·······································································································.202
9.1 挠性传动概述 ····································································································.202
9.1.1 对挠性传动的认识 ·····················································································.202
9.1.2 带传动的分类及特点 ··················································································.204
9.1.3 链传动的特点 ···························································································.204
9.2 带传动概述 ·······································································································.204
9.3 普通带传动的工作性能分析 ··················································································.205
9.3.1 带传动中的力分析 ·····················································································.205
9.3.2 传动带的应力分析 ·····················································································.208
9.3.3 带传动的弹性滑动现象及其影响 ···································································.209
9.4 V 带传动机构设计 ······························································································.210
9.4.1 带传动中的几何尺寸关系 ············································································.210
9.4.2 V 带的构造、规格及标准 ············································································.211
9.4.3 V 带轮的材料和结构 ··················································································.212
9.4.4 V 带传动机构设计准则与设计公式的推导 ·······················································.215
9.4.5 带传动机构设计步骤及参数选择 ···································································.218
9.5 传动带的张紧、安装与维护 ··················································································.223
9.5.1 传动带的张紧 ···························································································.223
9.5.2 传动带的安装与维护 ··················································································.224
9.6 同步齿形带和高速带传动简介 ···············································································.225
9.6.1 同步齿形带传动简介 ··················································································.225
9.6.2 高速带传动简介 ························································································.225
9.7 链传动 ·············································································································.225
9.7.1 链与链轮的结构与规格 ···············································································.226
9.7.2 链轮 ·······································································································.227
9.7.3 链传动的运动特性分析与受力分析 ································································.229
9.7.4 滚子链传动机构的设计计算 ·········································································.231
9.7.5 链传动机构的布置、张紧、润滑和防护 ··························································.236
9.8 挠性传动的历史、现状及发展趋势简介 ···································································.237
9.8.1 带传动历史、现状及发展趋势简介 ································································.237
9.8.2 链传动历史、现状及发展趋势简介 ································································.238
9.9 挠性传动应用示例 ······························································································.238
思考题 ···················································································································.239
习题 ······················································································································.240
第10 章 轴和联轴器 ··································································································.241
10.1 轴概述 ···········································································································.242
10.1.1 轴的功用及类型 ······················································································.242
10.1.2 轴的设计准则和设计步骤 ··········································································.242
10.1.3 轴的材料 ·······························································································.243
10.2 轴的结构设计 ··································································································.243
10.2.1 拟定轴上零件的装配方案 ··········································································.244
10.2.2 轴上零件的定位和固定 ·············································································.244
10.2.3 各轴段直径和长度的确定 ··········································································.246
10.2.4 提高轴强度和刚度的措施 ··········································································.247
10.3 轴的计算 ········································································································.248
10.3.1 轴的强度校验计算 ···················································································.248
10.3.2 轴的刚度校验计算 ···················································································.250
10.3.3 轴的设计实例 ·························································································.250
10.4 联轴器 ···········································································································.255
10.4.1 固定式刚性联轴器 ···················································································.256
10.4.2 移动式刚性联轴器 ···················································································.256
10.4.3 联轴器的选择 ·························································································.257
思考题 ···················································································································.259
习题 ······················································································································.259
第11 章 轴承 ·············································································································.261
11.1 滚动轴承的基本结构和特点 ················································································.262
11.1.1 滚动轴承的基本结构和特点分析 ·································································.263
11.1.2 滚动轴承的材料 ······················································································.265
11.1.3 滚动轴承的主要类型、性能和特点 ······························································.265
11.1.4 滚动轴承的代号 ······················································································.267
11.1.5 滚动轴承类型的选择 ················································································.269
11.2 滚动轴承的工作情况 ·························································································.270
11.2.1 滚动轴承的工作情况分析 ··········································································.270
11.2.2 滚动轴承的失效形式 ················································································.271
11.2.3 滚动轴承的设计准则 ················································································.271
11.3 滚动轴承的基本概念及其预期寿命计算 ·································································.271
11.3.1 滚动轴承的基本额定寿命 ··········································································.271
11.3.2 滚动轴承的基本额定动载荷 ·······································································.272
11.3.3 滚动轴承的当量动载荷 ·············································································.272
11.3.4 滚动轴承的预期寿命计算 ··········································································.274
11.3.5 向心推力轴承的受力分析及轴向载荷a F 的计算 ··············································.275
11.3.6 轴承寿命计算综合例题 ·············································································.278
11.4 滚动轴承的静载荷计算 ······················································································.280
11.5 滚动轴承的组合设计 ·························································································.281
11.5.1 滚动轴承的结构 ······················································································.281
11.5.2 滚动轴承的轴向固定 ················································································.282
11.5.3 滚动轴承间隙和轴上零件位置的调整 ···························································.283
11.5.4 滚动轴承的配合 ······················································································.284
11.5.5 滚动轴承的润滑 ······················································································.285
11.5.6 滚动轴承的密封 ······················································································.286
11.6 滑动轴承简介 ··································································································.287
11.6.1 滑动轴承的结构形式 ················································································.287
11.6.2 滑动轴承的材料 ······················································································.289
11.6.3 滑动轴承润滑剂的选择 ·············································································.289
11.6.4 滑动轴承的设计计算简介 ··········································································.290
11.7 轴承产业的发展及新型轴承 ················································································.292
思考题 ···················································································································.292
习题 ······················································································································.292
第12 章 其他零部件 ··································································································.294
12.1 弹簧概述 ········································································································.294
12.1.1 圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧 ···················································································.295
12.1.2 圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧 ···················································································.295
12.1.3 弹簧的材料 ····························································································.296
12.2 圆柱螺旋弹簧的设计计算 ···················································································.296
12.2.1 几何参数计算 ·························································································.296
12.2.2 弹簧的特性曲线 ······················································································.297
12.2.3 圆柱螺旋弹簧受载时的应力及变形 ······························································.297
12.3 弹簧的应用及技术发展 ······················································································.299
12.3.1 弹簧的应用 ····························································································.299
12.3.2 弹簧的技术发展 ······················································································.299
12.4 机座和箱体 ·····································································································.300
12.4.1 机座和箱体的一般类型 ·············································································.300
12.4.2 机座和箱体的材料及制法 ··········································································.301
12.4.3 机座和箱体的截面形状 ·············································································.302
12.4.4 肋板布置 ·······························································································.302
12.4.5 机座和箱体的设计注意事项 ·······································································.303
思考题 ···················································································································.303
第13 章 机械传动系统设计与实践 ·············································································.305
13.1 传动机构中原动机的选择 ···················································································.305
13.2 常用机械传动的类型、主要特性及其选择原则 ························································.306
13.3 机械传动系统方案的设计、表达和实例 ·································································.308
13.3.1 机械传动系统方案的设计 ··········································································.308
13.3.2 机械传动系统方案的表达 ··········································································.310
13.3.3 机械传动系统方案设计实例 ·······································································.310
13.4 机械传动系统的运动和动力参数的计算 ·································································.312
13.5 机械传动系统方案的创新设计 ·············································································.313
13.6 机械传动系统中的减速器及其发展趋势 ·································································.317
13.6.1 减速器 ··································································································.317
13.6.2 齿轮减速电动机 ······················································································.318
13.6.3 减速器的发展趋势 ···················································································.319
13.7 装配图与零件图的表达示例 ················································································.320
13.7.1 装配图的表达与示例 ················································································.320
13.7.2 零件图的表达与示例 ················································································.320
思考题与分析题 ·······································································································.321
第14 章 机械设计中的计算机辅助设计及实践 ···························································.325
14.1 计算机辅助设计简介 ·························································································.325
14.1.1 计算机辅助设计技术在机械设计中的应用 ·····················································.325
14.1.2 计算机辅助设计技术的发展趋势 ·································································.326
14.2 三维CAD 软件在机械设计中的应用 ·····································································.326
14.3 基于二次开发的计算机辅助设计 ··········································································.327
14.4 有限元分析法在机械设计中的应用 ·······································································.329
14.4.1 有限元分析法简介 ···················································································.329
14.4.2 基于ANSYS Workbench 的仿真应用案例 ······················································.329
14.5 机械优化设计简介 ····························································································.330
14.5.1 机械优化设计的概念与应用 ·······································································.330
14.5.2 机械优化设计的一般过程 ··········································································.331
14.5.3 机械优化设计的发展趋势 ··········································································.332
参考文献 ······················································································································.333

前 言
本书根据教育部《关于深化教学改革，培养适应21 世纪需要的高质量人才的意见》与普通高等学校“机械设计基础”课程教学的基本要求，针对普通高等院校应用型人才的培养目标，按照“机械设计基础”课程教学规范的核心知识体系编写。
本书编者具有长期的教学实践经验，在编写过程中结合学生的认知规律，遵循机械设计科学的思维方法，着力于强化系统性，加强实践性，提升学生的创新能力。在知识节点上，强化机械设计的系统性和逻辑层次。在传统教学内容中引入系统设计的相关概念，从综合性角度增加机械系统分析与设计内容，培养学生的系统设计思想。将相对分散的传统内容加以集中，使内容结构体系进一步优化，使学生建立起机械设计的整体知识架构。在叙述方式上，创立新颖的叙述模式，章节结构采取示例启发式方法，引导学生带着问题主动学习和思考。用关键词的方式把课程内容的主要概念展现在学生面前，以达到宏观把握、微观清晰的目的。内容表述力求贴近读者的思维习惯，通俗易懂。增加相关研究内容的发展趋势介绍，开阔读者的思路与眼界。
在学科核心上，着力强调综合应用性知识，以提高读者的应用技能、实践能力和应用领域的创新能力。本书内容强化应用分析，引进了山东省机械设计研究院等单位的先进工程案例，加强例题和习题的应用思考，促使学生将理论与实践结合起来，在学习中提高综合能力。
本书由齐鲁工业大学陈照强、高立营、薛云娜担任主编，王宝林、许树辉、白晓兰担任副主编。具体参编人员及编写分工如下：陈照强编写第1 章，薛云娜编写第5、6、12 章，高立营编写第8、14 章，王宝林编写第7、10、13 章，许树辉编写3、11 章，付圳秢编写第9 章，沈学会和孔胜利编写第2 章，白晓兰和陈辉编写第4 章。山东乐普韦尔自动化技术有限公司王明瑞高级工程师为本书提供了案例素材。本书由陈照强教授统稿，由高立营负责统一全稿格式。本书由齐鲁工业大学教材建设基金资助完成。本书配有电子课件和习题分析，选用本书的读者请登录www.hxedu.com.cn（华信教育资源网）下载本书教学资源；也可通过邮件索取，邮箱：guosj@phei.com.cn（责编邮箱）。
齐鲁工业大学许崇海教授详细审阅了本书，提出了许多宝贵意见，编者对此深表感谢。对参考文献中的各位作者表示最诚挚的感谢！电子工业出版社的编辑为本书的出版与提高编校质量投入了大量人力，在此一并表示衷心的感谢。
尽管编者为本书付出了努力，但书中仍有不足和欠妥之处，敬请读者批评指正。
编 者
2023 年3 月

查看更多 > 图书评论

暂无评论

发表图书评论

评论标题：
评论内容：
验证码：: 看不清楚
点击刷新
: 您还没有登录，请登录后再评论。
点击“登录”

购买过本书的顾客还买过

{{data.bookName}}

￥{{data.price}}